Kenneth Pletcher, "The Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places"
Rosen Educational Publishing | 2010 | ISBN: 1615301348, 1615301828 | 382 pages | File type: PDF | 11,5 mb
Introduction:
The Three Gorges Dam, the world’s
largest when completed in 2006, is
built across the Yangtze River in the heart
of China. The project has been heavily
criticized—to build the dam, more than
1.2 million people were moved from
nearly 500 cities, towns, and villages, and
1,200 historical and archaeological sites
were flooded. But proponents say it will
help control deadly floods, create a deepwater
reservoir, and allow for easier
navigation for oceangoing freighters. Its
26 turbines will also create a massive
amount of hydroelectric energy that will
bring electricity to millions of people.
Throughout its long history, the needs of
China’s people have spurred it to undertake
giant projects that shape their land.
That is a necessity, because although it
is only slightly larger in area than the
United States, China has today roughly
1 billion more people. In fact, about one
in five people in the world is Chinese.
In this book, readers will learn how
the contours, fertility, and weather patterns
of China’s land have shaped its
people. They will also learn how China’s
population—the largest in the world—has
put special pressure on the land. Peoples�?br/>needs for water, food, fuel, and space have
caused them to change and mold the
landscape over time. Readers will also
get an overview of China, from its landscapes
to its cityscapes. This book
explores many of the places that give
China its character, from the Great Wall
to vast mountain ranges to great cities
and ancient provinces.
Eons before humans arrived, the
Indian subcontinent was separate from
the Asian mainland. Some 50 million
years ago, India began crashing into
Asia. The pressure created when the
subcontinent was forced under the Asian
landmass created the Himalayas, a vast
mountain chain that has continued to
slowly grow taller. The pressure also
pushed up a wide region of land to the
north of the mountains, so that today
China is like a table tilting from west to
east. This western part, the Plateau of
Tibet (or Qiangtang), is known as the
“roof of the world.�?The world’s highest
peak, Mount Everest, is in the Himalayas
on China’s border with Nepal. Just north
of the Tibetan Plateau is the Turfan
Depression, China’s lowest spot, 508 feet
(155 metres) below sea level. Also in
western China, north of Tibet, lie the
Kunlun Mountains. But the country
generally slopes eastward until it reaches
the Pacific Ocean. China’s more than
50,000 rivers flow, with a few exceptions,
from west to east.
The Huang He, or Yellow River, is the
most northern of China’s three main
rivers. It rises on the Plateau of Tibet and
drains into the Bo Hai (Gulf of Chihli),
part of the Yellow Sea. The mighty river,
which gets its name because it is so filled
with silt that it appears to be yellowbrown
in colour, enriches the land with
the soil it deposits, making it fertile ffarming. It also has been called “China’s
Sorrow�?because the shifting river often
overflows its banks and floods the North
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